The plumb-and-block system is perhaps the easiest to understand of the three main investigation systems. For a legal description in the lot and block system, a description must include the following: A typical description for a small property would be: “Beginning at a corner at the intersection of two stone walls near an apple tree on the north side of Muddy Creek Road, one mile above the intersection of Muddy Creek and Indian Creeks, thence northerly on 150 rods to the end of the stone wall, which adjoins the road, thence northwesterly along a line to a large rock standing at the corner of the property which now belonged or formerly belonged to John Smith, thence westerly 150 rods to the corner of a barn near a large oak tree, thence south to Muddy Creek Road, then on the side of Creek Road to the starting point. The sequence begins with an identified corner that serves as a reference. The description then gives the distance, direction and various boundary descriptions, as if you were walking on the limits leaving the distance to the next corner where there is a change of direction. When watercourses are part of the boundaries, their meander is generally considered to be a straight line between established corners and their monuments. Some properties may include descriptions that include elevations. Surveys must also be used for so-called airfields or underground rights. For example, condos on the upper or lower floors can be described in terms of a date, which is a point, line or area from which heights are measured. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) refers to a date defined as the mean sea level in New York Harbor. Legal descriptions always state the county and state in which the property is located.

There are 3 independent methods that can be used to determine the exact location and boundaries of a property: The legal description of a 2.5-acre (10,000 m2) property in the lot and block system may look like this; Lot 5 of Block 2 of the South Subdivision Platform, as recorded in Map Book 21, page 33 at the Recorder of Deeds. Some simple maps may contain only one parcel and one map number, such as lot C of the Riverside subdivision map as recorded in Map Book 12, page 8 of the City Engineer`s Office. The more technical details of the legal description are all contained in the registered card, and there is no need to repeat them in an act or other legal description. Measures are a necessary part of any legal description. The old measurements were based on chains and rods because surveyors used them to measure distances. The following list shows the relationship between common units used to measure distance and area in real estate: A third way of giving a legal description is called land and block description, which is used in cities with new subdivisions. The description of the lot and block is saved on a flat map. A flat map shows all lot numbers and block numbers in a specific subdivision, and this records the legal descriptions in the public record. Typically, the system uses the physical characteristics of local geography, as well as directions and distances, to define and describe the boundaries of a property. Boundaries are described in a common prose style that works sequentially around the packaging, starting from a starting point returning to the same point; Compare with the oral ritual of crossing borders. It may contain references to other adjacent parcels (and their owners), and it could in turn be mentioned in subsequent surveys.

At the time of writing, it may have been marked on the ground with permanent monuments placed where there were no suitable natural monuments. The system starts with a large piece of land. This vast area is usually defined by one of the earlier surveying systems such as metes and bounds or the public land survey system. A subdivision survey is conducted to divide the original area into smaller parcels and a PCB board is created. Typically, this subdivision survey uses a system of pillars and boundaries to delineate individual lots in the main area. Each lot on the card is assigned an identifier, usually a number or letter. The card is then officially registered with a government agency such as a municipal engineer or perpetrator. This plan becomes the legal description of all lots in the subdivision. A simple reference to the individual lot and the place of registration of the card is sufficient for a correct legal description. Once such a survey is in place, the corners may have to depend on tradition and long use to establish the line along the boundaries between them. In some areas where land was recorded before 1593, the lengths shown predate changes in Queen Elizabeth I`s furlong length and mile. In other places, references to official city, county, and state boundaries may have changed.

Compass directions should always be linked to an array of annual arrows, as magnetic north is constantly changing. The description could refer to landmarks such as the large oak tree that could disappear; or be confused with another tree that grew later. Streams can dry up, meander or change course. Artificial features, such as roads, walls, markings, or posts used to mark corners and determine the boundary line between corners, may have been moved. As these features move, change, and disappear over time, it can become difficult, if not impossible, to determine the original position of the corner when it is time to restore the corners along the line of these boundaries (for sale, subdivision, or build). In the Metes and Bounds system, corners, distance, direction, monuments and boundaries are always traced back to the original intent, no matter where they are now. Sometimes legal proceedings are needed to resolve the issue if there is a suspicion that the corner marks have been moved. The rectangular survey system is designed to try to describe the whole country in our country. A section of land is a mile on all sides, which means it`s a one-mile square. Once the subdivision process is completed, the platform is registered with the local government.

This registration becomes the legal description of land and land in the city. These descriptions are made available to the public for various uses. This description makes it possible to specifically identify a property in the context of a real estate sale or for tax assessments. It can also be used to defend legal claims relating to property lines. Finally, the legal description of the lot will tell us where this information can be found physically. It would read like the name of the book and the page number that the card contains. It also indicates where this book is kept, such as the office of a local district clerk. This system was imported into the original colonies that formed the United States.

It is also used in some states that were previously part of one of the thirteen colonies or where land was allocated before 1785. These include West Virginia, Kentucky, Maine, Tennessee, and Vermont. Since Texas was an independent republic prior to statehood, its land tenure system consists mainly of mestizos and boundaries. Legal descriptions are usually created by a licensed land surveyor who is trained and licensed to locate and determine the legal description of a property. Only a licensed surveyor should create descriptions of objects, as inaccuracies can lead to title issues later on. The land surveyor prepares 2 documents: a survey containing the description of the property and a survey sketch showing the location and dimensions of the parcel. If the location, size and shape of buildings on the property are also indicated, then it is called a one-time survey. Some courts have established a list of priorities to resolve conflicting descriptions of corners. In descending order, starting with the most reliable: (1) natural monuments, (2) man-made monuments such as roads and marked or surveyed lines, (3) adjacent areas or boundaries, (4) routes or directions, (5) distances, and (6) area or quantity. [4] Although monuments are often used as reference points for a date, their position can easily be changed either by force of nature or by vandalism. Therefore, surveyors typically use reference points, which are permanent reference points of brass marks used in solid concrete or an asphalt base, primarily used to mark a date. All major cities have their own official local data to facilitate referral by their surveyors.

Then we can see how this plot could be part of a larger block surrounded by roads. This block is also identified by the number on the platform. This block will be part of a larger neighbourhood or plaque-shaped subdivision. This could be identified by a first name, perhaps a description of a distinctive geographic feature, or another name the developer found.